Study author | Country | Designa | Setting | Risk of bias | Study durationb (months) | Number of positive E. coli UTI samplesc | Number of ciprofloxacin resistant E. coli | Proportion resistant (95Â % CI) | Standard error | Weightd (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ahmad, 2012 | India | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 24 | 318 | 48 | 0.15 (0.11, 0.19) | 0.02 | 2.09 |
Akoachere et al., 2012 | Cameroon | Cross sectional | Community | Low | 12 | 43 | 11 | 0.26 (0.13, 0.39) | 0.07 | 1.61 |
Akram et al., 2007 | India | Cross sectional | Community | High | 12 | 61 | 42 | 0.69 (0.57, 0.80) | 0.06 | 1.70 |
AlSweih et al., 2005 | Kuwait | Cross sectional | Community | High | 12 | 1535 | 81 | 0.05 (0.04, 0.06) | 0.01 | 2.15 |
Al-Tawfiq et al., 2009 | Saudi Arabia | Cohort | Community | High | 12 | 2281 | 592 | 0.26 (0.24, 0.28) | 0.01 | 2.14 |
Ansbach et al., 2013 | USA | Cross sectional | Community | High | 7 | 98 | 2 | 0.02 (−0.01, 0.05) | 0.01 | 2.12 |
Arabi et al., 2013 | Iran | Cross sectional | Community | Low | 33 | 103 | 23 | 0.22 (0.14, 0.30) | 0.04 | 1.91 |
Araujo et al., 2011 | Brazil | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 24 | 391 | 36 | 0.09 (0.06, 0.12) | 0.01 | 2.12 |
Arslan et al., 2005 | Turkey | Cross sectional | Community | Low | 5 | 514 | 135 | 0.26 (0.22, 0.30) | 0.02 | 2.09 |
Astal, 2005 | Palestine | Cross sectional | Community | High | 6 | 252 | 30 | 0.12 (0.08, 0.16) | 0.02 | 2.09 |
Azap et al., 2010 | Turkey | Cohort | Community | Unclear | 12 | 464 | 139 | 0.30 (0.26, 0.34) | 0.02 | 2.08 |
Bahadin et al., 2011 | Singapore | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 12 | 90 | 22 | 0.24 (0.16, 0.33) | 0.05 | 1.86 |
Biswas et al., 2006 | India | Cross sectional | Community | High | 36 | 354 | 124 | 0.35 (0.30, 0.40) | 0.03 | 2.05 |
Bouchillon et al., 2013 | USA | Cross sectional | Community | High | 24 | 723 | 234 | 0.32 (0.29, 0.36) | 0.02 | 2.10 |
Bouchillon et al., 2013 | USA | Cross sectional | Hospital | High | 24 | 253 | 103 | 0.41 (0.35, 0.47) | 0.03 | 11.83 |
Dash et al., 2013 | India | Cross sectional | Community | Low | 30 | 397 | 212 | 0.53 (0.48, 0.58) | 0.03 | 2.05 |
Dimitrov et al., 2004 | Kuwait | Cross sectional | Community | High | 84 | 780 | 92 | 0.12 (0.10, 0.14) | 0.01 | 2.13 |
Farshad et al., 2011 | Iran | Cross sectional | Community | Low | 12 | 90 | 8 | 0.09 (0.03, 0.15) | 0.03 | 2.01 |
Ghadiri et al., 2012 | Iran | Cross sectional | Hospital | High | 24 | 200 | 80 | 0.40 (0.33, 0.47) | 0.03 | 9.41 |
Gobernado et al., 2007 | Spain | Cross sectional | Community | Low | 12 | 2292 | 418 | 0.18 (0.17, 0.20) | 0.01 | 2.14 |
Ho et al., 2010 | Hong Kong | Cross sectional | Community | Low | 24 | 271 | 35 | 0.13 (0.09, 0.17) | 0.02 | 2.09 |
Hoban et al., 2011 | Multiple countries | Cross sectional | Hospital | High | 24 | 1643 | 624 | 0.38 (0.36, 0.40) | 0.01 | 78.76 |
Ismaili et al., 2011 | Belgium | Cohort | Community | High | 24 | 189 | 5 | 0.03 (0.00, 0.05) | 0.01 | 2.13 |
Kashef et al., 2010 | Iran | Cross sectional | Community | High | 30 | 578 | 180 | 0.31 (0.27, 0.35) | 0.02 | 2.09 |
Kiffer et al., 2007 | Brazil | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 48 | 22679 | 2699 | 0.12 (0.11, 0.12) | 0.002 | 2.15 |
Killgore et al., 2004 | USA | Case–control | Community | Low | 12 | 120 | 40 | 0.33 (0.25, 0.42) | 0.04 | 1.89 |
Kimando et al., 2010 | Kenya | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 6 | 92 | 6 | 0.07 (0.01, 0.12) | 0.03 | 2.05 |
Kothari et al., 2008 | India | Cross sectional | Community | High | 6 | 361 | 260 | 0.72 (0.67, 0.77) | 0.02 | 2.06 |
Kurutepe et al., 2005 | Turkey | NC | Community | High | 72 | 880 | 174 | 0.20 (0.17, 0.22) | 0.01 | 2.12 |
Lau et al., 2004 | Taiwan | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 13 | 80 | 14 | 0.17 (0.09, 0.26) | 0.04 | 1.89 |
Ljuca et al., 2010 | Bosnia & Herzegovina | Cross sectional | Community | High | 36 | 43 | 4 | 0.09 (0.01, 0.18) | 0.04 | 1.87 |
Longhi et al., 2012 | Italy | NC | Community | Low | 6 | 154 | 36 | 0.23 (0.17, 0.30) | 0.03 | 1.98 |
Martinez et al., 2012 | Colombia | Cross sectional | Community | High | 2 | 102 | 39 | 0.38 (0.29, 0.48) | 0.05 | 1.83 |
Miragliotta et al., 2008 | Italy | Cohort | Community | Low | 60 | 2589 | 422 | 0.16 (0.15, 0.18) | 0.01 | 2.14 |
Molina-Lopez et al., 2011 | México | Cross sectional | Community | High | 48 | 119 | 65 | 0.55 (0.46, 0.64) | 0.05 | 1.86 |
Moreira et al., 2006 | Brazil | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 15 | 544 | 65 | 0.12 (0.09, 0.15) | 0.01 | 2.12 |
Murugan et al., 2012 | India | Cohort | Community | High | 12 | 204 | 144 | 0.71 (0.64, 0.77) | 0.03 | 2.00 |
Muvunyi et al., 2011 | Rwanda | Cross sectional | Community | Low | 6 | 72 | 23 | 0.32 (0.21, 0.43) | 0.05 | 1.75 |
Mwaka et al., 2011 | Uganda | Cross sectional | Community | High | NS | 27 | 9 | 0.33 (0.16, 0.51) | 0.09 | 1.32 |
Ni Chulain et al., 2005 | Ireland | Cross sectional | Community | High | 5 | 723 | 18 | 0.02 (0.01, 0.04) | 0.01 | 2.15 |
Olson et al., 2012 | USA | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 16 | 95 | 4 | 0.04 (0.00, 0.08) | 0.02 | 2.08 |
Otajevwo, 2013 | Nigeria | Cross sectional | Community | High | 6 | 5 | 4 | 0.80 (0.45, 1.15) | 0.18 | 0.63 |
Prakash et al., 2013 | India | Cross sectional | Community | Low | NS | 23 | 16 | 0.70 (0.51, 0.88) | 0.10 | 1.26 |
Randrianirina et al., 2007 | Madagascar | Cross sectional | Community | Low | 28 | 607 | 100 | 0.16 (0.14, 0.19) | 0.02 | 2.12 |
Rani et al., 2011 | India | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 6 | 208 | 151 | 0.73 (0.67, 0.79) | 0.03 | 2.01 |
Shaifali et al., 2012 | India | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 12 | 46 | 28 | 0.61 (0.47, 0.75) | 0.07 | 1.54 |
Shariff et al., 2013 | India | Cross sectional | Community | High | 18 | 491 | 160 | 0.33 (0.28, 0.37) | 0.02 | 2.08 |
Sire et al., 2007 | Senegal | Cross sectional | Community | Low | 33 | 1010 | 157 | 0.16 (0.13, 0.18) | 0.01 | 2.13 |
Sood et al., 2012 | India | NC | Community | High | 30 | 214 | 160 | 0.75 (0.69, 0.81) | 0.03 | 2.02 |
Stratchounski et al., 2006 | Russia | NC | Community | Low | 48 | 423 | 18 | 0.04 (0.02, 0.06) | 0.01 | 2.14 |
Vellinga et al., 2012 | Ireland | Case–control | Community | Low | 9 | 633 | 78 | 0.12 (0.10, 0.15) | 0.01 | 2.12 |
Wang et al., 2014 | China | Cross sectional | Community | High | 8 | 129 | 91 | 0.71 (0.63, 0.78) | 0.04 | 1.92 |
Yildirim et al., 2010 | Turkey | Cross sectional | Community | Unclear | 24 | 450 | 85 | 0.19 (0.15, 0.23) | 0.02 | 2.10 |
Yolbas et al., 2013 | Turkey | Cross sectional | Community | High | 12 | 113 | 24 | 0.21 (0.14, 0.29) | 0.04 | 1.93 |