Table 1 Characteristics and outcomes of confirmed pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in non-HIV patients
Survivors | Non-survivors | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
N = 20 | N = 62 | ||
Age, mean ± SD | 45 ± 17 | 55 ± 16 | 0.014 |
Male, n (%) | 6(30.0) | 28(45.2) | 0.231 |
Apache II, mean ± SD | 17 ± 5 | 20 ± 5 | 0.010 |
Underlying disease | |||
CTD, n (%) | 16(80.0) | 49(79.0) | 0.926 |
ILD, n (%) | 1(5.0) | 1(1.6) | 0.431 |
Dermatomyositis, n (%) | 1(5.0) | 9(14.5) | 0.438 |
Organ transplant, n (%) | 2(10.0) | 1(1.6) | 0.146 |
Hematologic malignancy, n (%) | 0(0) | 3(4.8) | 0.427 |
Solid tumor, n (%) | 2(10.0) | 2(3.2) | 0.249 |
Corticosteroid therapy, n (%) | 17(94.4) | 52(89.7) | 0.539 |
Symptom | |||
Fever, n (%) | 20(100) | 50(80.6) | 0.033 |
Dyspnea, n (%) | 19(95.0) | 56(90.3) | 0.515 |
Cough, n (%) | 15(75) | 42(67.7) | 0.540 |
Microbiological methods | |||
PCR, n (%) | 17(85.0) | 54(87.1) | 0.811 |
Methenamine silver stain, n (%) | 11(55.0) | 24(38.7) | 0.200 |
Repiratory samples | |||
Sputum, n (%) | 0(0) | 6(9.7) | 0.148 |
Trachea aspirate, n (%) | 6(30.0) | 16(25.8) | 0.713 |
Bronchoalveolar lavage, n (%) | 14(70.0) | 40(64.5) | 0.653 |
Laboratory findings | |||
White blood cell counts, mean ± SD | 10.48 ± 4.62 | 7.68 ± 3.44 | 0.005 |
lymphocyte counts, mean ± SD | 678 ± 600 | 514 ± 441 | 0.117 |
CD4 cell counts, mean ± SD | 215 ± 225 | 159 ± 343 | 0.510 |
PaO2/FiO2 on ICU admission | 161 ± 69 | 131 ± 65 | 0.064 |
Radiographic findings | |||
Ground glass opacities, n (%) | 20(100.0) | 62(100.0) | |
Bilateral symmetric, n (%) | 17(85.0) | 55(88.7) | 0.700 |
Co-infections | |||
Bacteremia, n (%) | 2(10.0) | 6(9.7) | 0.966 |
VAP, n (%) | 5(25.0) | 27(43.5) | 0.139 |
Aspergillosis, pulmonary, n (%) | 5(25.0) | 13(21.0) | 0.705 |
Cytomegalovirus, n (%) | 10(50.0) | 40(64.5) | 0.247 |
Complications | |||
Hypotension, n (%) | 4(20.0) | 36(58.1) | 0.003 |
NE(mcg/kg/min), mean ± SD | 0.22 ± 0.16 | 0.39 ± 0.36 | 0.439 |
Barotrauma | |||
Pneumothorax, n (%) | 2(10.0) | 9(14.5) | 0.465 |
Pneumomediastinum, n (%) | 1(5.0) | 18(29) | 0.027 |
Intervals | |||
Onset to diagnosis, days, mean ± SD | 15 ± 12 | 14 ± 10 | 0.488 |
Onset to intubation, days, mean ± SD | 10 ± 6 | 12 ± 11 | 0.786 |
Onset to TMP/SMZ, days, mean ± SD | 14 ± 18 | 11 ± 10 | 0.538 |
Respiratory support | |||
IPPV during ICU stay, n (%) | 16(80.0) | 59(95.2) | 0.057 |
NPPV on ICU admission, n (%) | 4(20.0) | 8(12.9) | 0.474 |
IPPV on ICU admission, n (%) | 10(50.0) | 36(58.1) | 0.527 |
NRM on ICU admission, n (%) | 6(30.0) | 18(29.0) | 0.934 |
Medication | |||
Adjunctive steroid, n (%) | 16(80.0) | 48(77.4) | 0.808 |
Caspofungin, n (%) | 7(35.0) | 31(50.0) | 0.242 |