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Table 5 Viral and bacterial infection status and in-hospital mortality among pneumonia patients by comorbidity status

From: The impact of virus infections on pneumonia mortality is complex in adults: a prospective multicentre observational study

 

Without comorbidities, n = 574

With chronic respiratory disease, n = 790

With other comorbiditiesa, n = 1253

 

No. death/no. cases (% mortality)

ARRb (95% CI)

No. death/no. cases (% mortality)

ARRb (95% CI)

No. death/no. cases (% mortality)

ARRb (95% CI)

HRV

2/53 (3.8)

0.73 (0.18–2.96)

4/83 (4.8)

0.78 (0.28–2.14)

8/98 (8.2)

0.97 (0.48–1.96)

Inf A/B

0/22 (0.0)

0.00 (0.00–0.00)

6/31 (19.4)

3.38 (1.54–7.42)

4/57 (7.0)

0.73 (0.26–2.02)

Paramyxovirus (RSV/hMPV/PIV1–4)

1/32 (3.1)

0.47 (0.07–3.26)

3/71 (4.2)

0.66 (0.20–2.13)

1/109 (0.9)

0.10 (0.01–0.70)

Other viruses (HAdV/HBoV/HCoV)

0/4 (0.0)

0.00 (0.00–0.00)

1/5 (20.0)

4.55 (0.58–35.5)

1/9 (11.1)

1.33 (0.21–8.66)

Multiple viruses

0/7 (0.0)

0.00 (0.00–0.00)

1/6 (16.7)

3.98 (0.68–23.24)

3/18 (16.7)

1.68 (0.56–5.03)

No virus

26/456 (5.7)

Reference

44/594 (7.4)

Reference

88/962 (9.2)

Reference

  

ARRc(95% CI)

 

ARRc(95% CI)

 

ARRc(95% CI)

Only viruses

1/64 (1.6)

0.24 (0.03–1.78)

9/108 (8.3)

1.28 (0.59–2.81)

9/187 (4.8)

0.51 (0.26–1.01)

Only bacterial pathogens

8/179 (4.5)

0.83 (0.36–1.93)

16/227 (7.1)

1.13 (0.61–2.09)

27/340 (7.9)

0.84 (0.54–1.31)

Viral-bacterial co-infection

2/54 (3.7)

0.58 (0.14–2.38)

6/88 (6.8)

1.29 (0.55–3.06)

8/104 (7.7)

0.77 (0.38–1.59)

No viral or bacterial pathogens

18/277 (6.5)

Reference

28/367 (7.6)

Reference

61/622 (9.8)

Reference

  

ARRb (95% CI)

 

ARRb (95% CI)

 

ARRb (95% CI)

Multiple viruses

0/7 (0.0)

0.00 (0.00–0.00)

1/6 (16.7)

3.22 (0.52–19.81)

3/18 (16.7)

2.98 (0.91–9.78)

Single virus

3/111 (2.7)

Reference

14/190 (7.4)

Reference

14/273 (5.1)

Reference

  1. ARR adjusted risk ratio, CI confidence interval, HRV human rhinovirus, InfA influenza A virus, RSV respiratory syncytial virus, PIV1–4 human parainfluenza virus type 1–4, HMPV human metapneumovirus, InfB influenza B virus, HCoV human coronavirus (229E/OC43), HAdV human adenovirus, HBoV human bocavirus
  2. a Other comorbidities include diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, neuromuscular disease, cardiac failure, ischaemic heart disease, collagen disease, malignancy, renal disease, and liver disease
  3. bAdjusted for age, study site, duration of symptoms, month of diagnosis, antibiotic use and presence of bacteria
  4. cAdjusted for age, study site, duration of symptoms, month of diagnosis, and antibiotic use
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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