Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the study population and univariate analysis of risk factors for T. gondii seropositivity
Variable | Level | Participants, N (%) | T. gondii seropositive, N (%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
All participants | Â | 206 (100%) | 17 (8.3%) | Â |
Age | 18–30 | 88 (42.7%) | 2 (2.3%) |  |
31–45 | 62 (30.1%) | 5 (8.1%) |  | |
46–85 | 56 (27.2%) | 10 (17.9%) | 0.001a | |
Sex | Males | 70 (34.0%) | 5 (7.1%) | Â |
Females | 136 (66.0%) | 12 (8.8%) | 0.7 | |
Race and ethnicity | White non-Hispanic | 110 (53.4%) | 8 (7.3%) | Â |
All others | 95 (46.1%) | 9 (9.5%) | 0.6 | |
Education | Less than bachelor’s degree | 100 (48.5%) | 10 (10.0%) |  |
Bachelor’s degree or higher | 106 (51.5%) | 7 (6.6%) | 0.4 | |
Obesity | Not obese | 147 (71.4%) | 8 (5.4%) | Â |
Obese | 59 (28.6%) | 9 (15.3%) | 0.03 | |
Smoker | No | 148 (71.8%) | 9 (6.1%) | Â |
| Â | Yes | 57 (27.7%) | 8 (14.0%) | 0.07 |
Residence | Chapel Hill | 60 (29.1%) | 4 (6.7%) | Â |
Durham | 106 (51.5%) | 10 (9.4%) | Â | |
Other towns | 40 (19.4%) | 3 (7.5%) | 0.8 | |
Drinking water source at home | Private well or bottled water | 67 (32.5%) | 5 (7.5%) | Â |
Municipal system | 136 (66.0%) | 12 (8.8%) | 0.7 | |
Housing unit density | < 4 per acre | 178 (86.4%) | 14 (7.9%) |  |
> = 4 per acre | 28 (13.6%) | 3 (10.7%) | 0.6 | |
Ever lived on a farm | No | 169 (82.0%) | 11 (6.5%) | Â |
Yes | 37 (18.0%) | 6 (16.2%) | 0.06 | |
Eat raw/undercooked chicken | No | 187 (90.8%) | 13 (7.0%) | Â |
Yes | 14 (6.8%) | 3 (21.4%) | 0.07 | |
Eat raw/undercooked pork | No | 188 (91.3%) | 14 (7.4%) | Â |
Yes | 12 (5.8%) | 2 (16.7%) | 0.27 | |
Eat raw/undercooked beef | No | 127 (61.7%) | 12 (9.4%) | Â |
Yes | 74 (35.9%) | 4 (5.4%) | 0.31 | |
Handles soil with bare hands weekly | No | 151 (73.3%) | 8 (5.3%) | Â |
Yes | 53 (25.7%) | 8 (15.1%) | 0.03 | |
Currently has at least one dog | No | 62 (30.1%) | 8 (12.9%) | Â |
Yes | 144 (69.9%) | 9 (6.3%) | 0.12 | |
Currently has at least one cat | No | 115 (55.8%) | 5 (4.3%) | Â |
Yes | 91 (44.2%) | 12 (13.2%) | 0.03 | |
Current outdoor cats | Do not have cats | 115 (55.8%) | 5 (4.3%) | Â |
Has cats that don’t go outdoors | 30 (14.6%) | 2 (6.7%) |  | |
Has cats, let them go outdoors | 61 (29.6%) | 10 (16.4%) | 0.007a | |
Total years lived with cats | 0–3 years | 115 (55.8%) | 4 (3.5%) |  |
4Â years or more | 91 (44.2%) | 13 (14.3%) | 0.01 | |
Ever been responsible for cleaning a cat litter box | No | 75 (36.4%) | 3 (4.0%) | Â |
Yes | 130 (63.1%) | 13 (10.0%) | 0.14 |