Table 2 The prevalence of pre-diabetes and DM among TB patients, in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2016 (n = 831)
From: Prevalence and associated factors of diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients in Hanoi, Vietnam
Total TB patients evaluated for DM (n) | TB patients with pre-DM (n) | Prevalence of pre-DM (%; 95% CI) | p value* | TB patients with DM (n) | Prevalence of DM (%; 95% CI) | p value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 831 | 241 | 29.0 (25.9–32.1) | 114 | 13.7 (11.4–16.1) | ||
Sex | 0.274 | 0.007 | |||||
Male | 549 | 166 | 30.2 (26.4–34.1) | 88 | 16.0 (13.0–19.1) | ||
Female | 282 | 75 | 26.6 (21.4–31.8) | 26 | 9.2 (5.8–12.6) | ||
Age, years | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||
15–24 | 92 | 19 | 20.7 (12.2–29.1) | 5 | 5.4 (0.7–10.1) | ||
25–34 | 133 | 23 | 17.3 (10.8–23.8) | 6 | 4.5 (0.9–8.1) | ||
35–44 | 142 | 37 | 26.1 (18.7–33.4) | 16 | 11.3 (6.0–16.5) | ||
45–54 | 137 | 47 | 34.3 (26.3–42.4) | 27 | 19.7 (13.0–26.5) | ||
55–64 | 175 | 61 | 34.9 (27.7–42.0) | 33 | 18.9 (13.0–24.7) | ||
≥ 65 | 152 | 54 | 35.5 (27.8–43.2) | 27 | 17.8 (11.6–23.9) | ||
Education | 0.002 | 0.624 | |||||
Primary or lower | 143 | 49 | 34.3 (26.4–42.1) | 19 | 13.3 (7.7–18.9) | ||
Secondary; high school | 531 | 163 | 30.7 (26.8–34.6) | 77 | 14.5 (11.5–17.5) | ||
Colleagues/University or higher | 157 | 29 | 18.5 (12.3–24.6) | 18 | 11.5 (6.4–16.5) | ||
Occupation | 0.002 | 0.328 | |||||
Unemployed | 113 | 35 | 31.0 (22.3–39.6) | 15 | 13.3 (6.9–19.6) | ||
Farmer | 259 | 96 | 37.1 (31.1–43.0) | 28 | 10.8 (7.0–14.6) | ||
Self-employed | 49 | 15 | 30.6 (17.2–44.0) | 9 | 18.4 (7.1–29.6) | ||
Government employed/ Student; pupil / retired | 410 | 95 | 23.2 (19.1–27.3) | 62 | 15.1 (11.6–18.6) | ||
Marital status | 0.062 | 0.481 | |||||
Single | 158 | 34 | 21.5 (15.0–28.0) | 17 | 10.8 (5.9–15.6) | ||
Married | 629 | 192 | 30.5 (26.9–34.1) | 91 | 14.5 (11.7–17.2) | ||
Divorced/separated | 44 | 15 | 34.1 (19.5–48.7) | 6 | 13.6 (3.1–24.2) | ||
Residence | 0.084 | 0.107 | |||||
Rural | 430 | 136 | 31.6 (27.2–36.0) | 51 | 11.9 (8.8–14.9) | ||
Urban | 401 | 105 | 26.2 (21.9–30.5) | 63 | 15.7 (12.1–19.3) | ||
Monthly income (VND) | < 0.001 | 0.636 | |||||
< 3,000,000 (~ 132.3 US$) | 468 | 153 | 32.7 (28.4–37.0) | 60 | 12.8 (9.8–15.9) | ||
3,000,000 - 5,000,000 (~ 132.3–220.5 US$) | 220 | 65 | 29.5 (23.5–35.6) | 35 | 15.9 (11.0–20.8) | ||
> 5,000,000 (~ 220.5 US$) | 143 | 23 | 16.1 (10.0–22.2) | 19 | 13.3 (7.7–18.9) | ||
Socio-economic status | 0.794 | 0.790 | |||||
Poor/ near-poor household | 103 | 31 | 30.1 (21.1–39.1) | 15 | 14.6 (7.6–21.5) | ||
Medium household and above | 728 | 210 | 28.8 (25.5–32.1) | 99 | 13.6 (11.1–16.1) | ||
BMI, kg/m2 | 0.077 | 0.304 | |||||
Underweight, < 18.5 | 289 | 94 | 32.5 (27.1–38.0) | 38 | 13.1 (9.2–17.1) | ||
Normal, 18.5–24.9 | 518 | 142 | 27.4 (23.6–31.3) | 69 | 13.3 (10.4–16.3) | ||
Overweight, > = 25 | 24 | 5 | 20.8 (3.3–38.4) | 7 | 29.2 (9.6–48.8) |