Environmental disinfection with photocatalyst as an adjunctive measure to control transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a prospective cohort study in a high-incidence setting

Table 2 Comparison of MDRO acquisition rate and hospital acquired infection rates by study period

Variable	Baseline	Intervention	IRR	95% CI	p-value	HR^a	95% CI	p-value
MRSA acquisition, n (%)	15 (4.4)	4 (1.4)			0.01
MRSA acquisition rate per 1000 patient-days	9.30	2.57	0.26	0.06–0.81		0.37	0.14–0.99	0.04
VRE acquisition, n (%)	1 (0.9)	2 (1.1)			0.54
VRE acquisition rate per 1000 patient-days	0.62	1.28	2.07	0.19–22.84
MRAB acquisition, n (%)	5 (6.4)	5 (8.5)			0.76
MRAB acquisition rate per 1000 patient-days	3.09	3.20	1.03	0.30–3.57
Blood stream infection, n (%)	6 (1.8)	10 (3.5)			0.28
Blood stream infection rate per 1000 patient-days	3.71	6.41	1.72	0.63–4.75
Pneumonia, n (%)	26 (7.6)	12 (3.2)			0.03
Pneumonia rate per 1000 patient-days	16.12	7.70	0.48	0.24–0.95		0.47	0.23–0.94	0.03
Urinary tract infection, n (%)	9 (2.6)	5 (1.8)			0.32
Urinary tract infection rate per 1000 patient-days	5.58	3.21	0.57	0.19–1.71
CDAD, n (%)	2 (0.6)	1 (0.4)			0.58
CDAD rate per 1000 patient-days	1.23	0.64	0.52	0.05–5.70

The incidence rate ratio was obtained by dividing the incidence rate in intervention period by the incidence rate in baseline period
Results having stastical significance was presented in boldface
Abbreviation: IRR incidence rate ratio, CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, MRSA methicilline resistant S.aureus, VRE vancomycin resistant Enterococcus spp., MRAB multidrug resistant A.baumannii, CDAD Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea
^aHazard ratio was calculated using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for length of ICU stay, SOFA score and having or not chronic renal diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334