Table 4 Reported deaths and reported causes of death
From: Estimating the burden of leptospirosis in Sri Lanka; a systematic review
Published year | Study design | Deaths | Reported causes of death | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1959 | Case series | 1 | Haemorrhagic manifestation of liver and kidney | [12] |
1964 | Case series | 2 | Multi organ failure and coma (lungs, meningitis, neurological manifestations) | [32] |
1967 | Cross sectional | 2 | Leptospiraemic meningitis, bleeding manifestations | [57] |
1974 | Cross sectional | 8 | Sepsis with liver, renal manifestations | [21] |
1976 | Case report | 9 | Acute renal failure | [35] |
1977 | Case series | 7 | Cardiac and pulmonary manifestation (hypotension with or without tachycardia, pulmonary oedema, haemorrhages and exudations) | [61] |
2008 | Cross Sectional | 15 | Acute lung injury, myocarditis | [36] |
2011 | Cross Sectional | 3 | Fulminant myocarditis | |
2011 | Cross Sectional | 33 | Respiratory failure and renal failure | [20] |
2011 | Case series and review | 13 | Multi organ failure | [39] |
2012 | Case series | 21 | Moderate to severe pulmonary haemorrhage in association with hepato-renal, myocardial and cerebral lesions | [41] |
2013 | Case control | 1 | Jaundice, oliguria with acute organ dysfunction | [42] |
2014 | Abstract | 1 | Meningoencephalitis | [45] |
2015 | Case report | 1 | Multi organ dysfunction and refractory shock, cardiac involvement (global hypokinesia, acute heart failure) | [60] |
2015 | Case report | 3 | Post-partum haemorrhage, HELLP syndrome | [23] |
2015 | Case report | 1 | Multi organ dysfunction syndrome | [47] |
2015 | Case report | 1 | Marked pleural effusion, cardiac, liver manifestations, renal manifestations | [22] |
2015 | Cross sectional | 20 | Hypotension, cardiac failure, AKI, ARDS, | [19] |
2016 | Cross sectional | 7 | Multi organ failure | |
2016 | Case series | 1 | Cardiovascular, respiratory, abdominal complication, refractory hypotension, acute pancreatitis, multi organ failure | [52] |