From: Hepatitis E virus infection among pregnant women in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis
Subgroup analysis | No. of studies | Prevalence of HEV (95%: CI) | Heterogeneity | |
---|---|---|---|---|
I2 | P | |||
Overall | 22 | 29.1%(14.6–43.6) | 99.7% | < 0.00001 |
Sensitivity analysis by removing one study large sample | 21 | 26%(19.9–32.1) | 97.5% | < 0.00001 |
Sub region of Africa | 22 | Â | Â | Â |
 Central Africa | 2 | 10.5%(3–17.9) | 93.1 | < 0.00001 |
 East Africa | 8 | 35%(21.7–48.3) | 98.1 | < 0.00001 |
 North Africa | 4 | 50%(4.4–95.6) | 99.8% | < 0.00001 |
 West Africa | 8 | 16.4 (11.4–21.4) | 89.2% | < 0.0001 |
By country having > 2 studies | ||||
 Burkina Faso | 2 | 11.1%(7.9–14.3 | 0 | 0.754 |
 Egypt | 3 | 63%(37–89) | 97.8% | < 0.0001 |
 Ethiopia | 3 | 44 (31.4–57) | 95.4% | < 0.0001 |
 Gabon | 2 | 10.5%(3–18) | 93.1% | < 0.0001 |
 Ghana | 2 | 20%(4–36) | 94.3% | < 0.0001 |
 Nigeria | 2 | 25.5 (5.6–56.6) | 97.3% | < 0.0001 |
 Sudan | 3 | 37.9%(6–69.5) | 97.9% | < 0.0001 |
 Others | 5 | 13.8%(8.9–18.9) | 85.3% | < 0.0001 |
Publication year | ||||
 1993–2008 | 3 | 52.4%(.3–105) | 99.9% | < 0.0001 |
 2009–2015 | 9 | 27.9%(18.3–37.4) | 96.6% | < 0.0001 |
 2016–2018 | 10 | 22.4%(13.3–31.5) | 97.8% | < 0.0001 |
Sample size | ||||
 > 200 | 14 | 29 (9.6–48.4) | 99.8% | < 0.0001 |
 < 200 | 8 | 28.8%(17.8–39.8) | 97% | < 0.0001 |
Assay method | ||||
 Dia.Pro | 2 | 14%(9.5–18.4) | 50.1% | 0.157 |
 Euroimmun | 3 | 32.3 (6–59) | 97.8% | < 0.0001 |
 Wanti | 2 | 37.2 (26.5–47.7) | 92.8% | < 0.0001 |
 TMB | 2 | 10.5 (3–17.9) | 93.1 | < 0.0001 |
 Intena.immuno.diag | 2 | 34.8 (22–47.5) | 79% | < 0.029 |
 Others | 10 | 31.9%(6.9–56.9) | 99.8 | < 0.0001 |