Table 1 Clinical features of 185 pediatric inpatients with culture-confirmed herpetic gingivostomatitis
From: Clinical features of gingivostomatitis due to primary infection of herpes simplex virus in children
Characteristics | Total No. (%) | Late Diagnosis No. (%) | Early Diagnosis No. (%) | Other Diagnosis No. (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case Number | 185 | 74 | 65 | 46 | |
Gender | 0.053 | ||||
Male | 92 (49.7) | 33 (44.6) | 29 (44.6) | 30 (65.2) | |
Female | 93 (51.3) | 41 (55.4) | 36 (55.4) | 16 (34.8) | |
Age, mean + SD (years)b | 3.85 ± 3.58 | 3.23 ± 3.01 | 3.52 ± 3.14 | 5.33 ± 4.57 | 0.005 |
< 3 years | 112 (60.5) | 50 (67.6) | 42 (64.6) | 20 (43.5) | 0.023 |
> 5 years | 46 (24.9) | 14 (18.9) | 17 (26.2) | 15 (32.6) | 0.231 |
Diagnosis at admission | |||||
Herpangina/HFMD | 60 (32.4) | 41 (55.4) | NA | 19 (41.3) | 0.241 |
Acute tonsillitis/pharyngitis | 43 (23.3) | 21 (28.4) | NA | 22 (47.8) | 0.03 |
LRTIa | 7 (3.8) | 4 (5.4) | NA | 3 (6.5) | > 0.9 |
FWLS | 3 (1.6) | 3 (4.1) | NA | 0 | 0.284 |
Others | 7 (3.8) | 5 (6.7) | NA | 2 (4.4) | 0.706 |
Diagnosis at discharge | |||||
Herpangina/HFMD | 20 (10.8) | NA | NA | 20 (43.5) | NA |
Acute tonsillitis/pharyngitis | 22 (11.9) | NA | NA | 22 (47.8) | NA |
LRTI | 4 (2.2) | NA | NA | 4 (8.7) | NA |
Others | 0 | NA | NA | 0 | NA |
General symptoms | |||||
Fever | 184 (99.5) | 74 (100) | 64 (98.5) | 46 (100) | 0.395 |
Fever> 39°c | 133 (77.3) | 53 (79.1) | 44 (74.6) | 36 (78.3) | 0.819 |
Before admission (days)b | 3.72 ± 2.03 | 3.45 ± 2.01 | 4.28 ± 2.25 | 3.34 ± 1.55 | 0.034 |
Duration, mean + SD (days) [Range]b | 5.11 ± 2.24 [1–17] | 5.26 ± 2.11 [2–14] | 5.43 ± 2.61 [0–17] | 4.41 ± 1.72 [1–8] | 0.047 |
> 7 days | 39 (21.1) | 16 (21.6) | 16 (24.6) | 7 (15.2) | 0.484 |
Decreased appetite | 176 (95.1) | 72 (97.3) | 63 (96.9) | 41 (89.1) | 0.092 |
Decreased activity | 131 (70.8) | 55 (74.3) | 42 (64.6) | 34 (73.9) | 0.394 |
Dehydration | 155 (84.7) | 59 (80.8) | 57 (89.1) | 39 (84.8) | 0.409 |
Mild | 142 (91.6) | 56 (94.9) | 54 (94.7) | 32 (82.1) | 0.045 |
Moderate | 13 (8.4) | 3 (5.1) | 3 (5.3) | 7 (17.9) | 0.045 |
Respiratory symptoms | |||||
Cough | 71 (38.4) | 28 (37.8) | 20 (30.8) | 23 (50) | 0.121 |
Rhinorrhea | 65 (35.1) | 30 (40.5) | 20 (30.8) | 15 (32.6) | 0.445 |
Nasal congestion | 16 (8.6) | 7 (9.5) | 4 (6.2) | 5 (10.9) | 0.650 |
Conjunctivitis | 4 (2.2) | 2 (2.7) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (2.2) | 0.892 |
Extra-pulmonary symptoms | |||||
Vomiting | 36 (19.5) | 12 (16.2) | 10 (15.4) | 14 (30.4) | 0.094 |
Diarrhea | 22 (11.9) | 11 (14.9) | 8 (12.3) | 3 (6.5) | 0.387 |
Abdominal pain | 14 (7.6) | 10 (13.5) | 1 (1.6) | 3 (6.5) | 0.027 |
Skin rash | 16 (8.6) | 11 (14.9) | 2 (3.1) | 3 (6.5) | 0.036 |
Trunk | 10 (62.5) | 5 (45.5) | 2 (100) | 3 (100) | 0.049 |
Extremities | 10 (62.5) | 7 (63.6) | 1 (50) | 3 (100) | 0.262 |
Face | 7 (43.8) | 5 (45.5) | 1 (50) | 1 (33.3) | 0.914 |
Whitlow | 1 (6.3) | 1 (9.1) | 0 | 0 | 0.677 |
Complications | 4 (2.2) | 2 (1.4) | 2 (4.7) | 0 | 0.159 |
CNS | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0.329 |
PICU admission | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0.159 |
Mortality | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
Antibiotics treatment (> 3 days) | 41 (22.2) | 14 (18.9) | 7 (10.7) | 20 (43.4) | < 0.001 |
Acyclovir treatment | 93 (50.3) | 50 (67.6) | 42 (64.6) | 1 (2.2) | < 0.001 |
LOS (days)b | 4.54 ± 1.92 | 4.97 ± 1.81 | 4.26 ± 2.15 | 4.22 ± 1.62 | 0.039 |