Table 2 Logistic regression analysis of factors associated with being in a phylogenetic cluster for participants with Genotype 1a or 1b in the ALIVE cohort

Age (per 10 year decrease)

–

–

–

1.59 (1.15, 2.20)

< 0.01

1.57 (0.98, 2.53)

0.06

Female Sex

163 (32.1)

140 (30.0)

23 (56.1)

2.98 (1.56, 5.70)

< 0.01

2.32 (1.19, 4.55)

0.01

 Black

441 (86.8)

411 (88.0)

30 (73.1)

Ref.

–

Ref.

–

 Non-black

67 (13.2)

56 (12.0)

11 (26.8)

2.69 (1.28, 5.67)

< 0.01

2.42 (0.95, 6.21)

0.07

 1a

421 (82.9)

388 (83.1)

33 (80.5)

Ref.

–

–

–

 1b

87 (17.1)

76 (16.9)

8 (19.5)

1.70 (0.82, 3.51)

0.15

–

–

HIV positive

196 (38.6)

166 (35.5)

30 (73.2)

4.95 (2.42, 10.12)

< 0.01

5.67 (2.70, 11.92)

< 0.01

High school education or higher

202 (39.8)

184 (39.5)

18 (43.9)

1.20 (0.63, 2.28)

0.58

–

–

Homelessness^a

98 (19.3)

91 (19.5)

7 (17.1)

0.85 (0.37, 1.98)

0.71

–

–

Shared a syringe^a

85 (16.7)

(79 16.9)

6 (14.6)

0.84 (0.34, 2.07)

0.71

–

–

Visit SSP in last month

61 (12.1)

57 (12.5)

3 (7.3)

0.55 (0.17, 1.85)

0.34

–

–

 Any injection drug use

204 (40.2)

189 (40.6)

15 (36.6)

0.85 (0.44, 1.64)

0.62

–

–

 Use crack

157 (31.0)

146 (31.3)

11 (26.8)

0.80 (0.39, 1.65)

0.55

–

–

 Inject cocaine

112 (22.0)

103 (22.1)

9 (22.0)

1.03 (0.46, 2.32)

0.94

–

–

 Inject heroin alone

146 (28.7)

137 (29.3)

9 (22.0)

0.68 (0.31, 1.46)

0.32

–

–

 Inject speedball

122 (24.0)

114 (24.4)

8 (19.5)

0.75 (0.34, 1.67)

0.48

–

–

 2005–2009

99 (19.5)

93 (19.9)

6 (14.6)

Ref.

–

Ref.

–

 2010–2014

48 (9.5)

42 (9.0)

6 (14.6)

2.21 (0.67, 7.30)

0.19

1.07 (0.31, 3.76)

0.91

 2016

361 (71.1)

332 (71.1)

29 (70.7)

1.35 (0.53, 3.36)

0.51

2.48 (0.88, 6.99)

0.09