Table 1 Univariable and multivariable analysis of risk factors for phenotypic pyrazinamide resistance
Characteristic | All cases n (%) | Pyrazinamide- susceptible n (%) | Pyrazinamide resistant n (%) | Crude Prevalence ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Prevalence ratio (95%CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||||
 Male | 211 (65.1) | 129 (62.7) | 82 (62.1) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
 Female | 113 (34.9) | 63 (32.8) | 50 (37.9) | 1.14 (0.88–1.49) | 1.08 (0.82–1.42) | 0.59 |
Age (years) | ||||||
 <40 | 153 (47.2) | 82 (42.7) | 71 (53.8) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
 40–59 | 108 (33.3) | 63 (32.8) | 45 (34.1) | 0.90 (0.68–1.19) | 0.86 (0.65–1.14) | 0.3 |
 ≧60 | 63 (19.4) | 47 (24.5) | 16 (12.1) | 0.55 (0.35–0.86) | 0.54 (0.34–0.87) | 0.01 |
Residential area within China | ||||||
 East | 104 (32.1) | 65 (33.9) | 39 (29.5) | 1.0 | NA | |
 Central | 162 (50.0) | 94 (49.0) | 68 (51.5) | 1.12 (0.82–1.52) | NA | |
 West | 58 (17.9) | 33 (17.2) | 25 (18.9) | 1.45 (0.78–1.69) | NA | |
Occupation | ||||||
 Farmer | 202 (62.3) | 129 (67.2) | 73 (55.3) | 1.0 | NA | |
 Other | 122 (37.7) | 63 (32.8) | 59 (44.7) | 1.34 (1.03–1.73) | NA | |
Residence in area according to start DOTS implementation | ||||||
 In 2000 or later | 187 (57.7) | 106 (55.2) | 81 (61.4) | 1.0 | NA | |
 Before 2000 | 137 (42.3) | 86 (44.8) | 51 (38.6) | 0.86 (0.66–1.13) | NA | |
Number of previous anti-TB treatments | ||||||
 0 | 132 (40.7) | 79 (41.1) | 53 (40.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
 1 | 107 (33.0) | 67 (34.9) | 40 (30.3) | 0.93 (0.68–1.28) | 0.96 (0.70–1.33) | 0.82 |
  > 1 | 81 (25.0) | 44 (22.9) | 37 (28.0) | 1.14 (0.83–1.56) | 1.20 (0.88–1.64) | 0.24 |
 Unknown | 4 (1.2) | 2 (1.0) | 2 (1.5) | 1.25 (0.46–3.39) | 1.30 (0.46–3.66) | 0.62 |
Previous pyrazinamide usage | ||||||
 Yes | 144 (44.4) | 87 (45.3) | 57 (43.2) | 1.0 | NA | |
 No | 180 (55.6) | 105 (54.7) | 75 (56.8) | 1.06 (0.81–1.38) | NA | |
Genotype | ||||||
 Non-beijing strain | 42 (13.0) | 27 (14.1) | 15 (11.4) | 1.0 | NA | |
 Beijing strain | 230 (71.0) | 133 (69.3) | 97 (73.5) | 0.90 (0.70–1.16) | NA | |
 Unknown | 52 (16.0) | 32 (16.7) | 20 (15.2) | 0.96 (0.70–1.31) | NA | |