Table 2 Group comparison COVID-19 versus COVID-19 negative airway infections
From: What about the others: differential diagnosis of COVID-19 in a German emergency department
All (n = 136) | COVID19+ (n = 47) | COVID19– (n = 89) | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Symptoms, n (%) | |||||
Dyspnoe | 73 (53.7) | 19 (40.4) | 54 (60.7) | 0.440 (0.214–0.905) | 0.024 |
Sore throat | 10 (7.4) | 4 (8.5) | 6 (6.7) | 1.287 (0.345–4.806) | 0.707 |
Cough | 79 (58.0) | 25 (28.1) | 54 (60.7) | 0.737 (0.361–1.503) | 0.400 |
Fever | 85 (62.5) | 31 (66.0) | 54 (60.7) | 1.256 (0.600–2.627) | 0.545 |
Headache | 14 (10.3) | 5 (10.6) | 9 (10.1) | 1.058 (0.333–3.360) | 0.924 |
Fatigue | 68 (50.0) | 22 (46.8) | 46 (51.7) | 0.823 (0.405–1.670) | 0.589 |
Myalgia | 24 (17.6) | 6 (12.8) | 18 (20.2) | 0.577 (0.212–1.570) | 0.278 |
Chest pain | 11 (8.1) | 2 (4.3) | 9 (10.1) | 0.395 (0.82–1.909) | 0.234 |
Nausea | 22 (16.2) | 6 (12.8) | 16 (18.0) | 0.668 (0.242–1.839) | 0.433 |
Diarrhea | 35 (26.5) | 13 (27.7) | 22 (24.7) | 1.164 (0.523–2.592) | 0.709 |
Dysgeusia | 9 (6.6) | 7 (14.9) | 2 (2.2) | 7.631 (1.513–38.292) | 0.005 |
Death, n (%) | 14 (10.3) | 9 (19.1) | 5 (5.6) | 3.979 (1.242–12.673) | 0.014 |
Treatment, n (%) | |||||
O2-therapy | 52 (38.2) | 20 (42.6) | 32 (36.0) | 1.319 (0.641–2.717) | 0.451 |
Ventilator | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.2) | 0.978 (0.947–1.009) | 0.137 |
Intensive care | 24 (17.6) | 6 (12.8) | 18 (20.2) | 0.577 (0.212–1.570) | 0.278 |
Intermediate care | 12 (8.8) | 4 (8.5) | 8 (9.0) | 0.942 (0.268–3.307) | 0.926 |
Time of admission (days) | 6.8 (± 6.4) | 9.0 (± 8.1) | 5.6 (± 5.0) | 0.014 | |
Vital parameters | |||||
Respiratory rate/min (± SD) | 37.2 (± 1.2) | 23.7 (± 7.4) | 22.3 (± 6.7) | 0.283 | |
Heart rate/min (± SD) | 96.7 (± 21.6) | 93.7 (± 16.6) | 98.4 (± 23.8) | 0.235 | |
Saturation, O2 in % (± SD) | 94.3 (± 7.1) | 94.9 (± 4.0) | 94.0 (± 8.4) | 0.456 | |
Temperature in °C, (± SD) | 37.2 (± 1.2) | 37.3 (± 1.0) | 37.2 (± 1.2) | 0.552 | |
BP systolic in mmHg (± SD) | 132.5 (± 25.6) | 136.2 (± 24.1) | 130.52 (± 26.3) | 0.219 | |
BP diastolic in mmHg (± SD) | 79.0 (± 17.4) | 82.9 (± 18.1) | 77.0 (± 16.7) | 0.057 | |
Laboratory values | |||||
C-reactive proteine, mg/L | 9.57 (± 7.86) | 8.2 (± 5.8) | 10.3 (± 8.7) | 0.100 | |
Procalcitonine, µg/L (± SD) | 4.53 (± 36.75) | 0.42 (± 1.49) | 6.74 (± 45.47) | 0.354 | |
Troponin I, µg/L (± SD) | 73.27 (± 268.64) | 76.59 (± 278.7) | 71.33 (± 265.0) | 0.928 | |
LDH, U/L (± SD) | 370.67(± 248.34) | 439.5 (± 264.9) | 335.8 (± 233.4) | 0.025 | |
Creatinine, mg/dL (± SD) | 1.21 (± 0.87) | 1.18 (± 0.90) | 1.23 (± 0.86) | 0.729 | |
GFR, mL/min (± SD) | 58.10 (± 19.10) | 58.7 (± 19.18) | 57.8 (± 19.17) | 0.805 | |
D-dimer, mg/L (± SD) | 3.10 (± 6.13) | 4.29 (± 7.95) | 2.44 (± 0.61) | 0.222 | |
WBC/mm3 (± SD) | 12.04 (± 21.44) | 8.00 (± 4.11) | 14.1 (± 26.04) | 0.115 | |
Lymphocytes/mm3 (± SD) | 2.39 (± 10.99) | 1.20 (± 1.40) | 3.1 (± 13.95) | 0.322 | |