From: The aetiology of pharyngotonsillitis in primary health care: a prospective observational study
Clinical findings | Group A streptococci (n = 66) | Any bacteria (n = 103) | ||||||||
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OR (95% CI) | aOR, model 1 (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) | EPV (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | aOR, model 1 (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) | EPV (95% CI) | |
No coryza | 2.8 (1.5–5.4)†† | – | 41 (37–46) | 87 (79–92) | 97 (88–100) | 3.2 (1.8–5.6)††† | – | 58 (52–63) | 70 (61–77) | 90 (75–97) |
No cough | 4.4 (2.2–8.8)††† | 6.0 (2.5–14)††† | 41 (36–46) | 86 (79–92) | 97 (88–100) | 3.1 (1.7–5.4)††† | 2.7 (1.4–5.1)†† | 58 (52–63) | 69 (61–77) | 90 (74–97) |
Temperature ≥ 38.5 °C | 2.7 (1.4–5.1)†† | 1.4 (0.60–3.1) | 38 (33–43) | 79 (71–86) | 96 (86–100) | 2.1 (1.2–3.7)†† | 1.5 (0.76–2.8) | 54 (48–59) | 61 (53–69) | 88 (70–97) |
Lymphadenitis | 1.7 (0.90–3.1) | 1.6 (0.71–3.4) | 34 (29–39) | 74 (66–81) | 96 (83–100) | 1.6 (0.93–2.8) | 1.2 (0.65–2.3) | 51 (45–56) | 56 (48–64) | 86 (65–96) |
Tonsillar coating | 3.1 (1.7–5.8)††† | 3.5 (1.5–8.0)†† | 43 (35–51) | 76 (70–81) | 97 (88–100) | 3.0 (1.7–5.4)††† | 2.5 (1.3–4.7)†† | 62 (53–70) | 59 (53–64) | 92 (77–98) |
Palatal petechiae | 1.2 (0.48–2.9) | – | 32 (18–51) | 68 (66–70) | 95 (54–100) | 1.4 (0.59–3.1) | – | 52 (34–69) | 51 (48–53) | 87 (41–98) |
Duration ≤ 3 days | 1.9 (1.1–3.5)† | 1.4 (0.65–3.0) | 38 (31–45) | 74 (68–80) | 96 (85–100) | 1.9 (1.10–3.3)† | 1.3 (0.69–2.5) | 55 (48–62) | 57 (51–63) | 89 (69–97) |
Age, years | 1.09 (1.05–1.13)††† | 1.12 (1.07–1.18)††† | – | – | – | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 1.02 (0.99–1.06) | – | – | – |
Centor 3–4 | 4.5 (2.4–8.3)††† | – | 49 (42–57) | 82 (77–87) | 98 (91–100) | 3.6 (2.0–6.4)††† | – | 66 (57–74) | 65 (60–70) | 94 (81–99) |
Centor 3–4 + positive RADT | 5.8 (1.4–24)† | – | 93 (81–97) | 97 (84–100) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Centor 0a | 1 | – | 13 (3–38) | 69 (67–70) | 1 | – | 25 (10–50) | 51 (50–53) | ||
Centor 1 | 0.96 (0.17–5.3) | – | 12 (6–23) | 65 (62–68) | 0.95 (0.26–3.5) | – | 24 (15–36) | 47 (43–50) | ||
Centor 2 | 2.1 (0.43–10) | – | 23 (16–33) | 67 (63–71) | 2.4 (0.72–8.3) | – | 45 (36–55) | 52 (48–57) | ||
Centor 3 | 5.6 (1.2–27)† | – | 44 (34–56) | 75 (71–78) | 5.5 (1.6–20)†† | – | 65 (53–75) | 59 (55–63) | ||
Centor 4 | 9.7 (1.9–50)†† | – | 58 (42–73) | 75 (72–77) | 6.3 (1.6–25)†† | – | 68 (51–81) | 57 (54–59) |