Table 4 Multilevel regression for HIV testing by selected socio-demographic characteristics (HDHS 2012)
Socio-demographic characteristics | Model-0 ICC = 8.45% | Model-I aOR (95% CI) | Model-II aOR (95% CI) | Model-III aOR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | ||||
Less than 25 years | 1.07 (0.95—1.20) | 1.07 (0.95—1.20) | ||
35 and above | 0.47 (0.41—0.53)*** | 0.47 (0.41—0.53)*** | ||
Ref = 25–34 | ||||
Religion | ||||
Non-Christian | 0.96 (0.81—1.14) | 1.01 (0.84 (1.19) | ||
Ref = Christian | ||||
Education level | ||||
Secondary | 1.63 (1.45—1.82)*** | 1.62 (1.44—1.81)*** | ||
Higher | 3.19 (2.60—3.90)*** | 3.16 (2.58—3.87)*** | ||
Ref = Primary or less | ||||
Frequency of listening to radio | ||||
Not at all | 0.79 (0.67—0.93)** | 0.79 (0.67—0.93)** | ||
Less than once a week | 0.92 (0.80—1.06) | 0.92 (0.80—1.06) | ||
At least once a week | 0.95 (0.84—1.08) | 0.95 (0.85—1.08) | ||
Ref = Almost every day | ||||
Frequency of watching TV | ||||
Less than once a week | 1.04 (0.90—1.20) | 1.06 (0.92—1.22) | ||
At least once a week | 1.27 (1.08—1.49)** | 1.30 (1.11—1.54)** | ||
Almost every day | 1.11 (0.95—1.30) | 1.15 (0.98—1.35) | ||
Ref = Not at all | ||||
Wealth index | ||||
Poorest | 0.65 (0.53—0.79)*** | 0.66 (0.53—0.81)*** | ||
Poorer | 0.77 (0.65—0.92)** | 0.79 (0.66—0.95)* | ||
Richer | 1.07 (0.92—1.24) | 1.03 (0.88—1.20) | ||
Richest | 1.20 (1.01—1.43)* | 1.15 (0.96—1.37) | ||
Ref = Middle | ||||
Currently working | ||||
No | 1.04 (0.94—1.14) | 1.03 (0.94—1.14) | ||
Ref = Yes | ||||
Marital status | ||||
Never married | 0.44 (0.38—0.50)*** | 0.43 (0.38—0.50)*** | ||
Widowed/Divorced/Separated | 0.78 (0.65—0.94)** | 0.78 (0.65—0.94)** | ||
Ref = In union | ||||
Age at first sex | ||||
Less than 15 | 0.88 (0.77—1.02) | 0.88 (0.76—1.01) | ||
18 and above | 1.02 (0.92—1.14) | 1.03 (0.93—1.14) | ||
Ref = 15–17 | ||||
Covered by health insurance | ||||
Yes | 1.01 (0.80—1.27) | 1.02 (0.81—1.28) | ||
Ref = No | ||||
Had any STD last 12 months | ||||
Yes | 1.32 (1.15—1.51)*** | 1.32 (1.15—1.51)*** | ||
No | ||||
Number of sexual partners | ||||
No partner | 0.80 (0.68—0.94)** | 0.80 (0.68—0.93)** | ||
Two and above | 0.84 (0.65—1.10) | 0.84 (0.64—1.10) | ||
Ref = One partner | ||||
Place of residence | ||||
Urban | 1.80 (1.55—2.08)*** | 1.20 (1.01—1.43)* | ||
Ref = Rural | ||||
Region | ||||
Sud-Est | 0.82 (0.59—1.13) | 1.05 (0.76—1.44) | ||
Nord | 1.37 (1.08—1.72)** | 1.56 (1.25—1.96)*** | ||
Nord-Est | 0.99 (0.72—1.36) | 1.22 (0.89—1.66) | ||
Artibonite | 0.76 (0.60—0.95)* | 0.87 (0.69—1.09) | ||
Centre | 0.85 (0.64—1.14) | 1.15 (0.86—1.54) | ||
Sud | 1.19 (0.91—1.56) | 1.37 (1.05—1.78)* | ||
Grand'Anse/Nippes | 1.15 (0.89—1.47) | 1.57 (1.22—2.03)*** | ||
Nord-Ouest | 1.03 (0.77—1.38) | 1.30 (0.97—1.75) | ||
Ref = Ouest | ||||