Evaluating the efficacy of different antibiotics against Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis using Monte Carlo simulation

Table 1 Summary of PK parameters and PK/PD target level incorporated in the Monte Carlo simulation analysis

Antibiotic	Single Dose Regimen	PK/PD target level	Fauc0-t(mg.h/L)	CL(L/h)	Vd(L)	Fu	t1/2(h)	Reference
Ceftriaxone	250 mg, 500 mg, 1000 mg,im 2000 mg iv	ft > MIC>60%			14.7 ± 4.9	0.05	8.45	[21]
Cefixime	400 mg po	ft > MIC>60%			19.0 ± 3.0	0.35	3.4	[21]
Azithromycin	1000 mg, 2000 mg,po	fAuc0–24 h/MIC ≥ 59.5		144 ± 39.5				[30]
Penicillin	4,800,000U im	ft > MIC>50%			0.24	0.4–0.55	0.7–0.75	[31]
Tetracycline	500 mg po	fAuc 0–24 h/MIC ≥ 25	26.91 ± 6.01					[32]
Ciprofloxacin	500 mg po	fAuc 0–24 h/MIC ≥ 125	10.7 ± 2.6					[33]
Zoliflodacin	2000 mg, 3000 mg po	fauc0-24 h/MIC ≥ 66		16.4 ± 1,2				[7]

PK/PD: pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics; fauc_{0 − 24 h}: free-drug 24 h area under the plasma concentration–time curve ; CL: total body clearance; Vd: volume of distribution; Fu: fraction unbound; t1/2: half-time

ISSN: 1471-2334