Table 4 Predictors of longitudinal EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS score in HCV participants by univariable GEE estimation
Parameter | EQ-5D Index | EQ-VAS Score | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β | SE | p value | 95% CI | β | SE | p value | 95% CI | |
Gender (Ref: Female) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 0.025 | 0.012 | 0.033 | 0.002, 0.047 | 3.462 | 0.928 | 0.000 | 1.643, 5.281 |
Age (Ref: ≥ 60y) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 18–39 | 0.074 | 0.016 | 0.000 | 0.042, 0.105 | 8.459 | 1.306 | 0.000 | 5.900, 11.019 |
 40–59 | 0.029 | 0.017 | 0.082 | -0.004, 0.062 | 3.166 | 1.280 | 0.013 | 0.658, 5.674 |
Residence (Ref: West) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Central | 0.037 | 0.018 | 0.036 | 0.002, 0.071 | 1.681 | 1.397 | 0.229 | -1.058, 4.419 |
 East | 0.016 | 0.019 | 0.541 | -0.025, 0.049 | -1.379 | 1.371 | 0.314 | -4.065, 1.308 |
 North | -0.019 | 0.022 | 0.378 | -0.062, 0.024 | -3.207 | 1.599 | 0.045 | -6.342, -0.073 |
 South | 0.028 | 0.018 | 0.118 | -0.007, 0.062 | 1.936 | 1.352 | 0.152 | -0.714, 4.587 |
Marital status (Ref: Single) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Separated / Divorced / Widowed | -0.060 | 0.027 | 0.029 | -0.113, -0.006 | -10.961 | 2.412 | 0.000 | -15.689, -6.233 |
 Married | -0.031 | 0.016 | 0.060 | -0.063, 0.001 | -4.372 | 1.208 | 0.000 | -6.740, -2.004 |
Occupation (Ref: Unemployed) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Blue collar | -0.021 | 0.012 | 0.085 | -0.046, 0.003 | -1.306 | 1.398 | 0.350 | -4.047, 1.435 |
 White Collar | -0.015 | 0.013 | 0.234 | -0.039, 0.010 | -0.781 | 1.469 | 0.595 | -3.660, 2.099 |
 Other | -0.033 | 0.018 | 0.068 | -0.068, 0.002 | -1.709 | 1.825 | 0.349 | -5.286, 1.868 |
Education (Ref: Primary School) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Junior school | 0.040 | 0.026 | 0.124 | -0.011, 0.091 | 3.261 | 1.556 | 0.036 | 0.211, 6.311 |
 High-school | 0.026 | 0.026 | 0.316 | -0.025, 0.077 | 3.255 | 1.586 | 0.040 | 0.147, 6.364 |
 College graduate | 0.050 | 0.025 | 0.047 | 0.001, 0.100 | 4.852 | 1.493 | 0.001 | 1.926, 7.778 |
Income (Ref: < 2000 RMB) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 2000–4999 RMB | -0.012 | 0.013 | 0.370 | -0.037, 0.014 | 0.424 | 0.996 | 0.670 | -1.529, 2.377 |
 5000–7999 RMB | 0.001 | 0.021 | 0.967 | -0.041, 0.043 | -0.805 | 2.086 | 0.700 | -4.892, 3.283 |
 8000–9999 RMB | 0.064 | 0.007 | 0.000 | 0.049, 0.078 | 7.329 | 2.511 | 0.004 | 2.408, 12.251 |
 ≥10,000 RMB | 0.047 | 0.013 | 0.001 | 0.020, 0.074 | 3.951 | 3.046 | 0.195 | -2.020, 9.921 |
Route of HCV acquisition | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Blood Transfusion | -0.005 | 0.009 | 0.583 | -0.022, 0.012 | -0.314 | 0.558 | 0.574 | -1.406, 0.779 |
 Intravenous drug abuse | 0.001 | 0.025 | 0.972 | -0.048, 0.050 | -1.936 | 1.333 | 0.147 | -4.550, 0.678 |
 Dental treatment | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.465 | -0.011, 0.023 | 0.864 | 0.666 | 0.195 | -0.442, 2.170 |
 Other | 0.003 | 0.011 | 0.813 | -0.019, 0.025 | 0.603 | 0.642 | 0.347 | -0.655, 1.861 |
Symptoms of discomfort (Ref: ≥ 2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 0 | 0.053 | 0.040 | 0.194 | -0.027, 0.132 | 4.391 | 2.638 | 0.096 | -0.779, 9.561 |
 1 | 0.011 | 0.044 | 0.806 | -0.076, 0.097 | -1.517 | 2.974 | 0.610 | -7.347, 4.312 |
Extrahepatic manifestation (Ref: No) | -0.022 | 0.022 | 0.325 | -0.066, 0.022 | -2.470 | 1.755 | 0.159 | -5.909, 0.970 |
Cirrhosis (Ref: No) | -0.061 | 0.031 | 0.045 | -0.122, -0.001 | -5.741 | 1.640 | 0.000 | -8.955, -2.526 |
Beck’s Depression Score (Ref: < 17) | -0.043 | 0.017 | 0.013 | -0.077, -0.009 | -3.324 | 2.120 | 0.117 | -7.479, 0.832 |
HCV Genotype (Ref: Else) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 1 | -0.028 | 0.016 | 0.073 | -0.060, 0.003 | -4.467 | 1.220 | 0.000 | -6.857, -2.076 |
 2 | -0.016 | 0.013 | 0.225 | -0.042, 0.010 | -2.976 | 1.122 | 0.008 | -5.175, − 0.777 |
Log10 HCV RNA, IU/mL | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.860 | -0.009, 0.011 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.860 | -0.009, 0.011 |
SVR24 (Ref: No) | 0.049 | 0.008 | 0.000 | 0.033, 0.065 | 5.933 | 0.564 | 0.000 | 4.827, 7.040 |
Duration of follow-up, month | -0.019 | 0.007 | 0.010 | -0.033, -0.004 | -1.521 | 0.531 | 0.004 | -2.562, -0.480 |