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Table 3 Accuracy of self-read HIV self-tests against gold standarda

From: Accuracy of and preferences for blood-based versus oral-fluid-based HIV self-testing in Malawi: a cross-sectional study

Self-test Type

True Positives n (%)

False Negatives n (%)

False Positives n (%)

True Negatives n (%)

Sensitivity (95% CI)

Specificity (95% CI)

Oral-fluid-based (n = 416)

16 (3.8)

2 (0.5)

5 (1.2)

393 (94.5)

88.9% (65.3–98.6%)

98.7% (97.1–99.6%)

Blood-based (n = 244b)

11 (4.6)

0 (0)

1 (0.4)

232 (95.1)

100.0% (71.5–100.0%)

99.6% (97.6–100.0%)

  1. No results were excluded for oral-fluid-based HIVST
  2. aThe gold standard is based on the result of two confirmatory tests – Unigold and Determine rapid tests. There were no discordant results (100% concordance of Unigold and Determine tests)
  3. b20 of the 264 blood-based test results were excluded from the accuracy calculations. For each of these 20 results, participants had recorded ‘not sure/invalid’ as the result
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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