Table 2 Diagnostic efficacy of biomarkers for sepsis and infection

Healthy Controls vs. Infection

LDNs (%)

0.942 (0.888–0.996)

> 0.900

90.91

87.50

88.24

93.33

< 0.001

0.536

0.222

M-MDSCs (%)

0.726 (0.586–0.866)

> 0.913

51.52

100.0

100.0

68.09

0.002

0.002

0.076

PMN-MDSCs (%)

0.908 (0.833–0.983)

> 0.788

84.85

90.63

90.32

87.88

< 0.001

0.226

0.587

MDSCs (%)

0.904 (0.815–0.993)

> 1.454

90.91

90.63

90.91

93.55

< 0.001

0.247

0.658

CRP (mg/L)

0.967 (0.912–1.023)

> 3.565

93.94

96.88

96.88

96.88

< 0.001

-

0.033

PCT (ng/mL)

0.873 (0.776–0.970)

> 0.032

87.88

87.50

87.88

90.32

< 0.001

0.033

-

Healthy Controls vs. Sepsis

LDNs (%)

0.908 (0.845–0.971)

> 1.085

82.69

90.63

93.48

74.36

< 0.001

0.004

0.011

M-MDSCs (%)

0.863 (0.779–0.947)

> 0.927

75.00

100.0

100.0

69.57

< 0.001

0.002

0.003

PMN-MDSCs (%)

0.938 (0.891–0.986)

> 0.834

90.38

90.63

94.00

82.86

< 0.001

0.011

0.030

MDSCs (%)

0.966 (0.930–1.001)

> 1.428

92.31

90.63

94.12

85.29

< 0.001

0.073

0.183

CRP (mg/L)

0.998 (0.994–1.002)

> 7.870

98.08

100.0

100.0

94.12

< 0.001

-

0.349

PCT (ng/mL)

0.992 (0.978–1.005)

> 0.071

96.15

96.88

98.04

91.18

< 0.001

0.349

-

Infection vs. Sepsis

LDNs (%)

0.617 (0.499–0.736)

> 14.20

38.46

90.91

90.91

57.69

0.053

0.082

0.001

M-MDSCs (%)

0.696 (0.583–0.809)

> 3.962

46.15

87.88

82.14

49.12

0.001

0.466

0.025

PMN-MDSCs (%)

0.642 (0.525–0.759)

> 11.56

42.31

87.88

84.62

49.15

0.017

0.150

0.002

MDSCs (%)

0.708 (0.597–0.819)

> 11.28

53.85

84.85

84.85

53.85

< 0.001

0.567

0.026

CRP (mg/L)

0.749 (0.643–0.854)

> 78.21

65.38

78.79

85.37

61.36

< 0.001

-

0.049

PCT (ng/mL)

0.851 (0.765–0.936)

> 0.410

76.92

87.88

90.91

70.73

< 0.001

0.049

-