Table 1 Characteristics of patients’ clinical information before and after propensity score matching

Age (years)

0.700

0.574

Median (IQR)

75 (66, 82)

76 (68, 83)

80 (70, 83)

78 (71, 83)

Sex

0.081

0.812

Women

33 (28%)

28 (40%)

15 (41%)

14 (38%)

Male

86 (72%)

42 (60%)

22 (59%)

23 (62%)

Time from symptom onset to hospitalization (days)

0.013

0.180

Median (IQR)

5.0 (2.0, 7.0)

7.0 (4.0, 10.0)

4.0 (2.0, 7.0)

6.0 (4.0, 10.0)

APACHE IIscore

0.017

0.953

Median (IQR)

21 (16, 27)

19 (14, 24)

19 (17, 25)

20 (15, 25)

Temperature (°C)

0.254

0.575

Median (IQR)

36.60 (36.40, 37.00)

36.75 (36.50, 37.08)

36.60 (36.50, 37.10)

36.80 (36.50, 37.00)

Respiratory rate (BPM)

< 0.001

0.744

Median (IQR)

25 (20, 30)

21 (20, 24)

22.0 (19.0, 25.0)

22.0 (20.0, 25.0)

Pulse rate (BPM)

< 0.001

0.700

Mean ± SD

106 ± 23

95 ± 19

101 ± 24

99 ± 18

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

0.036

0.168

Mean ± SD

89 ± 24

96 ± 19

91 ± 23

97 ± 15

Oxygen saturation (%)

0.021

0.492

Median (IQR)

86 (76, 93)

89 (81, 96)

90 (83, 94)

85 (80, 96)

Oxygenation index

0.287

0.304

Median (IQR)

188 (140, 251)

210 (153, 283)

235 (170, 279)

208 (124, 254)

Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L)

0.020

0.733

Median (IQR)

10 (6, 19)

7 (5, 14)

8 (5, 13)

9 (5, 17)

White blood cell count (10⁹/L)

0.006

0.957

Median (IQR)

11 (7, 16)

9 (6, 14)

9.8 (7.1, 16.1)

10.3 (6.6, 15.4)

Platelet count (10⁹/L)

0.222

0.462

Median (IQR)

198 (148, 238)

220 (154, 263)

204 (160, 236)

221 (147, 263)

Lymphocyte count (10⁹/L)

0.600

0.592

Median (IQR)

0.80 (0.52, 1.27)

0.84 (0.57, 1.36)

0.93 (0.59, 1.19)

0.98 (0.72, 1.37)

Lymphocyte ratio (%)

0.040

0.685

Median (IQR)

8 (4, 14)

11 (6, 16)

8.0 (5.3, 16.4)

10.4 (6.4, 15.8)

Neutrophil count (10⁹/L)

0.004

0.935

Median (IQR)

9.8 (5.9, 13.9)

6.7 (4.3, 11.8)

7.8 (5.6, 14.0)

8.8 (4.9, 13.0)

Neutrophil ratio (%)

0.038

0.405

Median (IQR)

86 (78, 91)

82 (74, 89)

86 (76, 90)

83 (75, 88)

Neutrophil /lymphocyte ratio

0.030

0.646

Median (IQR)

11 (5, 20)

8 (4, 15)

11 (5, 17)

10 (5, 14)

Hemoglobin (g/L)

0.923

0.717

Median (IQR)

131 (109, 150)

130 (112, 150)

130 (108, 141)

130 (111, 145)

Hematocrit (%)

0.469

0.779

Median (IQR)

40 (33, 45)

39 (34, 44)

40 (33, 43)

39 (33, 43)

Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)

0.133

0.581

Median (IQR)

24 (14, 40)

29 (17, 46)

30 (14, 35)

27 (17, 42)

Aspartate transaminase (U/L)

0.687

0.816

Median (IQR)

33 (24, 58)

33 (21, 58)

30 (23, 47)

33 (21, 48)

Total bilirubin (umol/L)

0.287

0.634

Median (IQR)

12 (8, 17)

11 (8, 14)

11 (6, 17)

10 (7, 14)

Creatinine (umol/L)

0.536

0.037

Median (IQR)

78 (61, 159)

81 (53, 138)

64 (51, 84)

84 (59, 146)

Albumin (g/L)

0.002

0.317

Median (IQR)

30 (27, 34)

33 (30, 35)

32.3 (28.7, 34.7)

32.8 (28.8, 35.5)

blood glucose (mmol/L)

0.186

0.697

Median (IQR)

8.0 (6.6, 11.2)

9.2 (7.0, 11.7)

9 (7, 12)

9 (7, 12)

Alkaline phosphatase (U/L)

0.894

0.358

Median (IQR)

89 (67, 118)

88 (65, 118)

88 (64, 109)

96 (73, 118)

γ-glutamyl transferase (U/L)

0.020

0.897

Median (IQR)

29 (19, 55)

49 (23, 80)

36 (21, 53)

33 (21, 63)

Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L)

0.005

0.093

Median (IQR)

297 (219, 434)

371 (280, 504)

278 (232, 401)

336 (279, 470)

Prothrombin time (sec)

0.004

0.880

Median (IQR)

13.70 (12.70, 14.90)

12.85 (11.90, 14.23)

13.20 (12.30, 14.10)

13.20 (12.30, 14.80)

Activated partial thromboplastin time (sec)

0.065

0.705

Median (IQR)

33 (30, 38)

32 (28, 35)

31 (28, 36)

32 (28, 37)

D-dimer (ug/L)

0.023

0.996

Median (IQR)

3,230 (1,410, 7,745)

2,445 (710, 4,252)

2,250 (1,000, 3,390)

2,450 (710, 7,420)

Diabetes

0.083

> 0.999

yes

27 (23%)

24 (34%)

12 (32%)

12 (32%)

no

92 (77%)

46 (66%)

25 (68%)

25 (68%)

High blood pressure

0.341

0.475

Yes

46 (39%)

32 (46%)

13 (35%)

16 (43%)

No

73 (61%)

38 (54%)

24 (65%)

21 (57%)

Respiratory illnesses

0.346

0.772

Yes

31 (26%)

14 (20%)

8 (22%)

7 (19%)

No

88 (74%)

56 (80%)

29 (78%)

30 (81%)