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  1. Trichuriasis is a parasitic disease caused by the human whipworm, Trichuris trichiura. It affects millions worldwide, particularly in the tropics. This nematode parasite burrows into the colonic epithelium result...

    Authors: Rebecca JM Hurst, Thomas Hopwood, Amanda L Gallagher, Frederick A Partridge, Timothy Burgis, David B Sattelle and Kathryn J Else
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:520
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. The antiretroviral therapy (ART) program of Cameroon recommends routine laboratory monitoring of haematological toxicity if a regimen contains zidovudine (AZT) and of hepatotoxicity for NVP-containing regimens...

    Authors: Cavin Epie Bekolo, Cecile Sonkoue, Hortense Djidjou, Patrick Sylvestre Bekoule and Basile Kollo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:519
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Central venous catheters (CVC) removal and reinsertion of a new CVC in the setting of central line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) is not always possible in septic patients. The purpose of this stud...

    Authors: Anne-Marie Chaftari, Aline El Zakhem, Mohamed A Jamal, Ying Jiang, Ray Hachem and Issam Raad
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:518
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging pathogen associated with endemic and acute viral hepatitis. In this study, we investigate the HEV seroprevalence and putative risk factors by a nationwide cross-sectional...

    Authors: Youngsil Yoon, Hye Sook Jeong, Haesun Yun, Hyeokjin Lee, Yoo-Sung Hwang, Bohyun Park, Chae Jin Lee, Sangwon Lee and Ji-Yeon Hyeon
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:517
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. HIV infected children are at increased risk of TB disease and require annual TB screening. Data on use of IGRA for TB screening in them are limited. We retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of Quantiferon G...

    Authors: Winsley Rose, Ian Kitai, Fatima Kakkar, Stanley E Read, Marcel A Behr and Ari Bitnun
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:516
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. International travel from low-incidence to high-incidence countries for tuberculosis (TB) is regarded as a risk factor for acquiring TB infection. In this prospective study among long-term travellers we examin...

    Authors: Floor Elfrink, Anneke van den Hoek, Marlies E Mensen and Gerard JB Sonder
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:515
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Prolonged asymptomatic carriage of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in the gastrointestinal tract and the lack of effective decolonization regimen perpetuate the endemicity of VRE in the healthcare setti...

    Authors: Vincent CC Cheng, Jonathan HK Chen, Josepha WM Tai, Sally CY Wong, Rosana WS Poon, Ivan FN Hung, Kelvin KW To, Jasper FW Chan, Pak-Leung Ho, Chung-Mau Lo and Kwok-Yung Yuen
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:514
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  8. Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing concern in ICUs worldwide. Infection with an antibiotic resistant (ABR) strain of an organism is associated with greater mortality than infection with the non-resistan...

    Authors: Håkan Hanberger, Massimo Antonelli, Martin Holmbom, Jeffrey Lipman, Peter Pickkers, Marc Leone, Jordi Rello, Yasser Sakr, Sten M Walther, Philippe Vanhems and Jean-Louis Vincent
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:513
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Alcohol-based hand rubs (ABHR) range in alcohol concentration from 60-95% and are available in a variety of delivery formats, such as rinses, gels, and foams. Recent studies suggest that some ABHR foams dry to...

    Authors: David R Macinga, David J Shumaker, Heinz-Peter Werner, Sarah L Edmonds, Rachel A Leslie, Albert E Parker and James W Arbogast
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:511
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The 1918–19 ‘Spanish’ Influenza was the most devastating pandemic in recent history, with estimates of global mortality ranging from 20 to 50 million. The focal point of the pandemic was India, with an estimat...

    Authors: Siddharth Chandra and Eva Kassens-Noor
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:510
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Authors: Jeffrey V Lazarus, Jens Lundgren, Jordi Casabona, Lucas Wiessing, Catharina Matheï, Peter Vickerman, Maria Prins, Mirjam Kretzschmar, Maria Kantzanou, Isabelle Giraudon, Marica Ferri, Paul Griffiths, Magdalena Harris, Margaret Walker, Lilyana Chavdarova, Eberhard Schatz…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14(Suppl 6):S18
    Content type: Roundtable Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 6

  12. Globally, over 10 million people are held in prisons and other places of detention at any given time. People who inject drugs (PWID) comprise 10-48% of male and 30-60% of female prisoners. The spread of hepati...

    Authors: Amber Arain, Geert Robaeys and Heino Stöver
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14(Suppl 6):S17
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 6

  13. Fifteen million adults in the World Health Organization European Region are estimated to have active hepatitis C infection. Intravenous drug use is a major hepatitis C transmission route in this region, and pe...

    Authors: Jeffrey V Lazarus, Ida Sperle, Mojca Maticic and Lucas Wiessing
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14(Suppl 6):S16
    Content type: Research Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 6

  14. Unsafe injections, through infectious bodily fluids, are a major route of transmission for hepatitis B and C. Viral hepatitis burden among people who inject drugs is particularly high in many Member States of ...

    Authors: Alexander Spina, Irina Eramova and Jeffrey V Lazarus
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14(Suppl 6):S15
    Content type: Research Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 6

  15. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents a major global health problem, which in high-income countries now mostly affects people who inject drugs (PWID). Many studies show that the treatment of HCV infecti...

    Authors: Mojca Maticic, Jerneja Videcnik Zorman, Sergeja Gregorcic, Eberhard Schatz and Jeffrey V Lazarus
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14(Suppl 6):S14
    Content type: Research Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 6

  17. Behavioural surveillance among people who inject drugs (PWID) and testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV is needed to understand the scope of both epidemics in at-risk populations and to suggest steps to ...

    Authors: Robert Heimer, Ksenia Eritsyan, Russell Barbour and Olga S Levina
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14(Suppl 6):S12
    Content type: Research Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 6

  19. Authors: Antonio Corbacho, Manuel Rivera, Francisco Trujillo, Maite Martí, José Carbonell, Francisco Fernández, Alexandre Rosselló, Jordi Perramon, Jaume Salse and Ignacio Ramos
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14(Suppl 6):S10
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 6

  29. Frequent hand-washing is standard advice for avoidance of respiratory tract infections, but the evidence for a preventive effect in a general community setting is sparse. We therefore set out to quantify, in a...

    Authors: Hanna Merk, Sharon Kühlmann-Berenzon, Annika Linde and Olof Nyrén
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:509
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. There have been inconsistent findings on the association between current drug use and HIV disease progression and virologic suppression. Drug use was often measured using self-report of historical use. Objecti...

    Authors: Han-Zhu Qian, Valerie J Mitchell, Sally Bebawy, Holly Cassell, Gina Perez, Catherine C McGowan, Timothy R Sterling, Sten H Vermund, Richard D’Aquila and Todd Hulgan
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:508
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are a severe burden on public health worldwide, causing mortality rates triple that of the general population. Since 2011, for both therapy-naive and therapy-experienced geno...

    Authors: Manuela Rasi, Patrizia Künzler-Heule, Patrick Schmid, David Semela, Philip Bruggmann, Jan Fehr, Susi Saxer and Dunja Nicca
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:507
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Changes of miRNAs in exosome have been reported in different disease diagnosis and provided as potential biomarkers. In this study, we compared microRNA profile in exosomes in 5 MHFMD and 5 ESHFMD as well as i...

    Authors: Hong-Ling Jia, Chun-Hui He, Zhuo-Ya Wang, Yu-Fen Xu, Gen-Quan Yin, Li-Jia Mao, Chao-Wu Liu and Li Deng
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:506
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Opioid substitution therapy has improved the survival of heroin users with and without HIV infection. We aimed to analyze sex differences in mortality rates and predictors of death among those admitted to a me...

    Authors: Roberto Muga, Inmaculada Rivas, Eva Faure, Daniel Fuster, Paola Zuluaga, Manuela Rubio, Trinidad Muñoz, Marta Torrens, Jordi Tor and Arantza Sanvisens
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:504
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. A decline in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration during antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a serious side effect. It may compel to dose reduction or even termination of antiviral treatment. The activa...

    Authors: Ahmad Amanzada, Armin D Goralczyk, Lars Reinhardt, Federico Moriconi, Silke Cameron and Sabine Mihm
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:503
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is not generally reported to public health authorities in the Middle East and its true prevalence remains largely unknown. The aims of this study were to determine the preva...

    Authors: Asma A Al-Thani, Wedad S Hamdi, Naser A Al-Ansari and Sanjay H Doiphode
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:502
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2015 15:173

  37. Pathological changes due to infection with Schistosoma haematobium include cytokine-mediated urinary tract inflammation. The involved cytokines may be excreted in urine and their presence in urine may therefore r...

    Authors: Kariuki H Njaanake, Paul E Simonsen, Birgitte J Vennervald, Dunstan A Mukoko, Claus M Reimert, Kimani Gachuhi, Walter G Jaoko and Benson B Estambale
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:501
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Little research has examined whether alcohol reduction interventions improve antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and HIV treatment outcomes. This study assesses the efficacy of an intervention for reducing ...

    Authors: Charles DH Parry, Neo K Morojele, Bronwyn J Myers, Connie T Kekwaletswe, Samuel OM Manda, Katherine Sorsdahl, Gita Ramjee, Judith A Hahn, Jürgen Rehm and Paul A Shuper
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:500
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  39. It has been suggested that the proliferative capacity of cells from individuals with HIV or both HIV and helminth infections is attenuated and cytokine production is dysregulated. This study describes peripher...

    Authors: Zilungile L Mkhize-Kwitshana, Musawenkosi LH Mabaso and Gerhard Walzl
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:499
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. The Streptococcus Milleri/Anginosus Group (SMG) colonize mucosal surfaces, especially the airways, and are considered to be normal mucosal microbiota; however, they are a major cause of abscesses, pneumonia and p...

    Authors: Julienne C Kaiser, Chris P Verschoor, Michael G Surette and Dawn ME Bowdish
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:498
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. The effects of ezetimibe on cholesterol metabolism in HIV-infected patients receiving boosted protease inhibitors have not been thoroughly assessed. The aim of this study was to assess cholesterol homeostasis ...

    Authors: Pere Leyes, Esteban Martínez, María Larrousse, Montserrat Cofán, Joan Trabal, Ana María Pérez-Heras, María T Forga and Emilio Ros
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:497
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Cytopenias are the most common HIV-associated hematological abnormality. Cytopenias have been associated with several factors including sex, race/ethnicity, geographical location and comorbidities such as tube...

    Authors: Rachel Kyeyune, Elmar Saathoff, Amara E Ezeamama, Thomas Löscher, Wafaie Fawzi and David Guwatudde
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:496
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. There has been a long held belief that patients with drug-susceptible TB are non-infectious after two weeks of therapy. Recent microbiological and epidemiological evidence has challenged this dogma, however, t...

    Authors: Gloria Ivy Mensah, Kennedy Kwasi Addo, John Amissah Tetteh, Sandra Sowah, Thomas Loescher, Christof Geldmacher and Dolly Jackson-Sillah
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:495
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (XDR-PA) isolates are susceptible to only one or two classes of antibiotics. In 2011–2012, we investigated an outbreak of XDR-PA affecting children with onco-hema...

    Authors: Marta Ciofi degli Atti, Paola Bernaschi, Michaela Carletti, Ida Luzzi, Aurora García-Fernández, Alice Bertaina, Annamaria Sisto, Franco Locatelli and Massimiliano Raponi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:494
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. A substantial portion of Dutch travellers is comprised of immigrants returning to their country of origin to visit friends and relatives (VFRs), including VFRs returning to dengue-endemic areas such as Surinam...

    Authors: Femke W Overbosch, Anneke van den Hoek, Janke Schinkel and Gerard JB Sonder
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:493
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Available treatments for uncomplicated hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) include surgery, medical therapy with albendazole (ABZ), percutaneous interventions and the watch-and-wait (WW) approach. Current guide...

    Authors: Francesca Rinaldi, Annalisa De Silvestri, Francesca Tamarozzi, Federico Cattaneo, Raffaella Lissandrin and Enrico Brunetti
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:492
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. In this paper we study the distribution of leukocyte populations and of cytokine-producing cells in the spleen of a patient with visceral leishmaniasis resistant to clinical treatment. It is the first attempt ...

    Authors: Washington LC dos-Santos, Carla Pagliari, Lina G Santos, Valter A Almeida, Thiago LV e Silva, João de J Coutinho Jr., Tulio Souza, Maria IS Duarte, Luiz AR de Freitas and Carlos HN Costa
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:491
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  48. Rapid economic development in urban China has led to a mass migration of surplus rural residents into urban areas for better employment opportunities. This study aims to identify prevalence levels and risks of...

    Authors: Xia Zou, Eric PF Chow, Peizhen Zhao, Yong Xu, Li Ling and Lei Zhang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:490
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Mucormycosis is an invasive mycotic disease caused by fungi in the zygomycetes class. Although ubiquitous in the environment, zygomycetes are rarely known to cause invasive disease in immunocompromised hosts w...

    Authors: Norbert Harrasser, Ingo J Banke, Matthias Hauschild, Ulrich Lenze, Peter M Prodinger, Andreas Toepfer, Christian Peschel, Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe, Ingo Ringshausen and Mareike Verbeek
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:488
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  50. Toxoplasma gondii can infect all warm-blooded animals including humans. Infection with T. gondii is probably the leading cause of posterior uveitis in humans and the most comment route of transmission is raw and...

    Authors: Jia Chen, Zhong-Yuan Li, Si-Yang Huang, Eskild Petersen, Hui-Qun Song, Dong-Hui Zhou and Xing-Quan Zhu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2014 14:487
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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